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du Penhoat, M.-A.*; Kamol Ghose, K.*; Gaigeot, M.-P.*; Vuilleumier, R.*; Fujii, Kentaro; Yokoya, Akinari; Politis, M.-F.*
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 17(48), p.32375 - 32383, 2015/12
Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：31.28(Chemistry, Physical)Yokoya, Akinari; Fujii, Kentaro; Ushigome, Takeshi; Shikazono, Naoya; Urushibara, Ayumi; Watanabe, Ritsuko
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 122(1-4), p.86 - 88, 2006/12
Times Cited Count：11 Percentile：60.07(Environmental Sciences)We have studied yields of DNA damages induced by soft X-rays obtained from a conventional soft X-ray machine in a LET region between 
-rays and ultrasoft X-rays. Practically soft X-rays with a broad energy spectrum emitted from a target of heavy metal, such as tungsten, have been widely used not only for radiobiological experiments but also for medical application such as mammography. Radiation weighting factors for these soft X-rays have been assigned to be 1 by ICRP. However, the fraction of a large number of low energy photons in the spectrum (below several tens keV) provided by bremsstrahlung is expected to be more effective for DNA damage induction than -rays since low energy photo- and Auger electrons predominantly ejected in consequence of a photoelectric effect can produce dense clusters of ionization/excitation on DNA molecules. We have examined the yield of DNA strand breaks induced by white soft X-rays (150 kVp, tungsten target). Yields of base lesions revealed by base excision repair enzymes will be also presented.
Kotulic Bunta, J.*; Laaksonen, A.*; Pinak, M.; Nemoto, Toshiyuki*
Computational Biology and Chemistry, 30(2), p.112 - 119, 2006/04
Times Cited Count：3 Percentile：21.73(Biology)Due to their lethal consequences, single and double strand breaks are among the most important and dangerous DNA lesions. This work defines and analyzes a DNA with single strand break as a template study for future complex analyses of biologically serious double strand break damage and its enzymatic repair mechanisms. Besides a non-damaged DNA serving as a reference system, system with open valences of the atoms at the strand break ends as well as a system with filled valences was simulated. As for the results, the system with open valences is partly disrupted, and the system with filled valences is stabilized by forming new hydrogen bonds between two strand endings.
Watanabe, Ritsuko; Nikjoo, H.*
International Journal of Radiation Biology, 78(11), p.953 - 966, 2002/11
Times Cited Count：39 Percentile：89.99(Biology)Incorporation of halogenated pyrimidines, iodo- and bromo-deoxyuridines (HP), into DNA is known to sensitize cells to radiation. The aim of this study is to estimate the enhancement of DNA strand break induced by low LET radiation in the presence of HP and examine source, complexity and clustering properties of damage that could provide correlation between DNA damage and lethality. Monte Carlo track structure methods were used to model the induction of strand breakage by X-ray photons. As a result, the increase of strand breaks due to Br/IdU incorporation could be explained by the mechanism of uracilyl radical production originated from e-aq and direct hits on bases. The significant contribution of electron migration along DNA within limited distance is shown. It is also shown that the incorporation of Br/IdU causes a spectral shift towards greater complexity of clustered DNA damage. Further, it has been supported that DSB is responsible for radiation-induced cell killing.
Usami, Noriko*; Yokoya, Akinari; Ishizaka, Shozo*; Kobayashi, Katsumi*
Journal of Radiation Research, 42(3), p.317 - 331, 2001/09
Times Cited Count：8 Percentile：28.32(Biology)The characteristics of DNA lesions produced by the phosphorus K-shell absorption in yeast cells were studied using monochromatized soft X-rays tuned to the phosphorus K-edge peak (2153 eV) and below the peak energy (2147 eV). The repaired fractions of DNA double-strand breaks (dsb) were measured relatively by using both a mutant, (
), which shows the temperature-sensitive dsb repair-deficient, and a wild-type strain. The repaired fraction of lesion in , which corresponds to the relative yield of dsb reparable by the 
pathway, was not affected by the phosphorus photoabsorption. Repair of the produced lesions in the wild-type cells was also measured by comparing the surviving fraction of the immediately plated cells to that of those cells plated after holding in a non-nutrient medium for 80 hrs. The recovery of the surviving fraction after the holding treatment was dependent upon the soft X-ray energy. These results suggest that irrepairable lesions are produced by the inner-shell photoabsorption of phosphorus in DNA, although its yield is small.
